Bronze
Bronze is an alloy consisting primarily of copper, usually with tin as the main additive. It is hard and tough, and was so significant in antiquity that the “Bronze Age” was named after the metal. However, historical pieces were often made interchangeably of brasses (copper and zinc) and of bronzes with different compositions, therefore modern museum and scholarly descriptions of older objects increasingly use the more inclusive term “copper alloy” instead. Historically the term latten was used for such alloys.
| ALLOY | Cu | Zn | Pb | P | Sn | Fe | Al | Ni | Mn | Si | OTHERS | |
| ASTM / UNS | (%) | (%) | (%) | (%) | (%) | (%) | (%) | (%) | (%) | (%) | (%) | |
| Phosphorous Bronze | C51000 | restante | 0.3 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 4.2 | 0.1 | – | – | – | – | – |
| 0.35 | 5.8 | |||||||||||
| Phosphorous Bronze | C51100 | restante | 0.3 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 3.5 | 0.1 | – | – | – | – | – |
| 0.35 | 4.9 | |||||||||||
| Phosphorous Bronze | C52100 | restante | 0.2 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 7 | 0.1 | – | – | – | – | – |
| 0.35 | 9 | |||||||||||
| Bronze SAE CA-624 | C62400 | 99.5 | – | – | – | 0.2 | 2 | 10 | – | 0.3 | 0.25 | – |
| CuAl | (mín.) | 4 | 11.5 | |||||||||
| Bronze SAE CA-630 | C63000 | 78 | – | – | – | 0.2 | 2 | 9 | 4 | 1.5 | 0.25 | 0.5 |
| CuAl | 85 | 4 | 11 | 5.5 | ||||||||
| Bronze SAE 40 | C83600 | 84 | 4 | 4 | 0.05 | 4 | 0.3 | 0.005 | 1 | – | 0.005 | 0.35 |
| CuSnPbZn | 86 | 6 | 6 | 6 | ||||||||
| Bronze SAE 430-A | C86200 | 60 | restante | 0.2 | – | 0.2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2.5 | – | 0.3 |
| CuZnAlMn | 66 | 4 | 4.9 | 5 | ||||||||
| Bronze SAE 430-B | C86300 | 60 | restante | 0.2 | – | 0.2 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 2.5 | – | 0.3 |
| CuZnAlMn | 66 | 4 | 7.5 | 5 | ||||||||
| Bronze SAE 43 | C86500 | 55 | restante | 0.4 | – | 1 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 1 | 1.5 | – | 0.3 |
| CuZnAlMn | 60 | 2 | 1.5 | |||||||||
| Bronze SAE 620 | C90300 | 86 | 3 | 0.3 | 0.05 | 7.5 | 0.15 | 0.005 | 1 | – | 0.005 | 0.3 |
| CuSnZn | 89 | 5 | 9 | |||||||||
| Bronze SAE 62 | C90500 | 86 | 1 | 0.3 | 0.05 | 9 | 0.15 | 0.005 | 1 | – | 0.005 | 0.3 |
| CuSnZn | 89 | 3 | 11 | |||||||||
| Bronze SAE 65 | C90700 | 88 | – | 0.5 | 0.3 | 10 | – | 0.005 | 0.5 | – | 0.005 | 0.3 |
| CuSn | 90 | 12 | ||||||||||
| Bronze Bz 12 | C90800 | 84 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.15 | 11 | 0.15 | – | 0.5 | – | – | Sb=0,20 |
| CuSn | 88 | 13 | ||||||||||
| Bronze Bz 14 | C91000 | 85 | 0.5 | 1 | 0.2 | 13 | 0.2 | – | 1 | – | – | – |
| CuSn | 87 | 14 | ||||||||||
| Bronze SAE 622 | C92200 | 86 | 3 | 1 | 0.05 | 5.5 | 0.3 | 0.005 | 1 | – | 0.005 | 0.3 |
| CuSnZn | 90 | 5 | 2 | 6.5 | ||||||||
| Bronze SAE 660 | C93200 | 81 | 2 | 6 | 0.5 | 6.2 | 0.2 | 0.005 | 0.8 | – | 0.005 | Sb=0,35 |
| CuSnPbZn | 85 | 4 | 8 | 7.5 | otders=0,20 | |||||||
| Bronze SAE 66 | C93500 | 83 | 2 | 8 | 0.05 | 4.5 | 0.2 | 0.005 | 0.8 | – | 0.005 | Sb=0,35 |
| CuSnPb | 86 | 10 | 6 | otdes=0,30 | ||||||||
| Bronze SAE 64 | C93700 | 78 | 0.8 | 8 | 0.5 | 9 | 0.15 | 0.005 | 1 | – | 0.005 | Sb=0,60 |
| CuSnPb | 82 | 11 | 11 | otders=0,20 | ||||||||
| Bronze SAE 67 | C93800 | 75 | 0.8 | 13 | 0.05 | 6.3 | 0.15 | 0.005 | 0.8 | – | 0.005 | Sb=0,80 |
| CuSnPb | 79 | 16 | 7.5 | otders=0,20 | ||||||||
| Bronze SAE 68-A | C95200 | 86 | – | – | – | – | 2.5 | 8.5 | – | – | – | 1 |
| CuAl | (mín.) | 4 | 9.5 | |||||||||
| Bronze SAE 68-B | C95300 | 86 | – | – | – | – | 0.7 | 9 | – | – | – | 1 |
| CuAl | (mín.) | 1.5 | 11 | |||||||||
| Bronze SAE CA-954 | C95400 | 83 | – | – | – | – | 3 | 10 | 2.5 | 0.5 | – | 0.5 |
| CuAl | (mín.) | 5 | 11.5 | |||||||||
| Bronze SAE CA-955 | C95500 | 78 | – | – | – | – | 3 | 10 | 3 | 3.5 | – | 0.5 |
| CuAl | (mín.) | 5 | 11.5 | 5.5 | ||||||||
| Bronze TM-23 | – | 70 | 9 | 20 | – | 4 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| (mín.) | (máx.) | (máx.) | (mín.) | |||||||||
| Bronze TM-620 | – | 86 | 5 | 1 | – | 7 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| (mín.) | (máx.) | (máx.) | (mín.) |